Archive for July, 2011
Linguistic Situation in Former SFRY
Written byJuly 28th, 2011
Serbia and Montenegro appeared the official title of the state as of February 4, 2003, as a result of the evolution of transformation of the country formerly known as The SFRY. Serbia and Montenegro is the biggest share of the former Socialistic Federative Republic of Yugoslavia and made up of two states: Serbia and Montenegro.
Inside Serbia, there are two quasi-independent provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo has been under the protectorate of the UN since 1999. Language politics and turns of the history, title standards and names of different languages played an important role in the numerous intra-national conflicts that broke out from 1990 till 1999 and it is yet a very delicate problem in the whole area of the Balkans. Best English into Italian translation
The official language of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the territory of Serbia aside from Kosovo, or 88% of the inhabitants); the same legal status is given to both the Cyrillic and the Roman spelling, although the latest is favored for Serbian state administration. Minority languages, that are also in governmental use in the parts where they are spoken, are Hungarian (in line with the 2002 census data of the StatsOffice of the Republic of Serbia, estimated at 286 500 natives), Bosnian (134 500 people), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 citizens), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 speakers), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Minority tongues are used at every stages of education: in early schools, gymnasiums, and at technical schools and universities. The first linguistic effect of the political and ethnic processes of the 1990s is that the language that used to be officially called Serbo-Croat has received a number of new nationally and politically grounded names. As a result, the names Bosnian, Croat and Serbianare governmentally engaged and refer to the same tongue with acceptable slight changes. The language has a couple major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
Although, in general, Ekavian is spread more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these variations do not coincide with the nationally motivated titles.
The linguistic situation in Kosovo is less clear at present, as about 300 000 refugees from this province, mostly Serbs, are still on the stage of returning to their places. This situation makes the figures of speakers reported unpredictable. These days, by the Statistical Office of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the inhabitants of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The remains of the population (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: Greek translators
The official tongue of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are recent developments to introduce the term Montenegrin, either parallel to or as a replacement to the name Serbian. Similar as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term refers to the same language that used to be named Serbo-Croat, and is first of all a matter of governmental decisions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Montenegro show that about 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, recognize themselves as speakers of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, nearly 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and about 3000 speak either Croatian or Romany.
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Written byJuly 3rd, 2011
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